Unseen Passage

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Unseen Passage-

Read the extract and complete the activities given below: (12 Marks)

      Oil is one of the world's major sources of energy. We depend on it as fuel for heating, transport and generation of power.

    For centuries, animal and vegetable oils have been used for cooking and as a source of artificial light. But it is mineral oil which makes most of the world's needs today. 

     Crude mineral oil comes out of the earth as a thick brown or black liquid with a strong smell. It is a complex mixture of of many different substances, each with its own individual qualities. Most of them are combinations of hydrogen and carbon in varying proportions. Such hydro-carbons are also found in other forms such as bitumen, asphalt and natural gas. Mineral oil originate from carcasses of tiny animals and from plants that live in the sea. Over millions of years dead creature from large deposits under the sea bed and ocean currents cover then with a blanket of sand and silt. As this material hardens, it becomes sedimentary rock and effectively shuts out the oxygen so preventing the complete decomposition of the mariyan deposits underneath. The layers of sedimentary rock become thicker and heavier. The pressure produces heat which transforms the tiny carcasses in to crude oil in a process that is still going on today.

     The earth's crust is split into a few used continental plates which move continuously rather like a rough on a sluggish tide. Geologist call this movement as 'continental drift'.

A1. Choose two sentences that describe the theme of the extract: (02)

I. The formation of continental plates.

ii. The uses of different types of soil.

iii. The formation of crude mineral oil.

iv. The movement of the continental drift.

Ans- Sentences that describe the theme of the extract are:

ii. The uses of different types of soil.

iii. The formation of crude mineral oil.

A2. Complete the following: (02)

I. Cruel mineral oil comes out of the earth as........

ii. Crude mineral oil originates from......

Ans-   

i. Crude mineral oil comes out of the earth as a thick brown or black liquid with a strong smell.

ii.Crude Mineral oil originate from carcasses of tiny animals and from plants that live in the sea.

A3. Describe the formation of the continental drift. (02)

Ans-  The earth's crust is split into a few used continental plates which move continuously rather like a rough on a sluggish tide. This  movement is called  'continental drift'.

A4. According to you, how can we stop the excess use of energy. (02)

Ans-we can stop the excess use of energy by using public transport instead of private vehicles, and by we should also grow more trees so that there is a lesser consumption of energy for air-conditioning. We should cut down on the excessive use of machines.

A5. Do as directed: (02)

I. Oil is one of the world's major sources of energy. (Rewrite it as a negative sentence without changing its meaning)

Ans- Oil is not one of the world's minor sources of energy.

ii. As this material hardens, it becomes sedimentary rock (Make it a compound sentence)

Ans- This material hardens and becomes sedimentary rock.

A6. Give the antonyms of: (02)

artificial × natural

lighter × heavier

ii. Give the synonyms of: 

Slow- sluggish

Dead bodies- carcasses

Summary Writing:. (03Marks)

Prepare a summary of the above  extract. Give it a suitable title. You may use the following points: 

Points-

Oil as a source of energy------our dependence-----mineral oil------origin of crude oil-------formation of crude oil--------forming of sedimentary rocks-------continental drift.


Title-

Mineral oil-  Its formation and uses

Or

Mineral oil-  Types and uses

      Oil is  a major source of energy. Animal and vegetable oils are used for cooking and as a source of artificial light while mineral oil is used for a variety of other purposes. Mineral oil originates from carcasses of tiny animals and plants that live in the sea. Over period of time the ocean currents cover them with a sand and silt. As this matter hardens, it turns into sedimentary rock shutting out Oxygen and preventing the complete decomposition of marine deposits underneath, transforming it into crude oil. The earth's crust is lead into a few used continental plates. These move continuously like rafts on a sluggish tide. This moment is called continental drift.

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